domingo, 7 de julho de 2013

Verbos Irregulares em Inglês no Passado

Base   Past    Past       Portuguese
Form   Tense   Participle Translation
 -------      -------      ---------------     -------------------

 arise        arose         arisen             surgir, erguer-se
 awake        awoke         awoken             despertar
 be           was, were     been               ser, estar
 bear         bore          borne              suportar, ser portador de
 beat         beat          beaten             bater
 become       became        become             tornar-se
 befall       befell        befallen           acontecer
 beget        begot         begotten, begot    procriar, gerar
 begin        began         begun              começar
 behold       beheld        beheld             contemplar
 bend         bent          bent               curvar
 bet          bet           bet                apostar
 bid          bid           bid                oferecer, fazer uma oferta
 bind         bound         bound              unir, encadernar, obrigar-se
 bite         bit           bitten             morder
 bleed        bled          bled               sangrar, ter hemorragia
 blow         blew          blown              assoprar, explodir
 break        broke         broken             quebrar
 breed        bred          bred               procriar, reproduzir
 bring        brought       brought            trazer
 broadcast    broadcast     broadcast          irradiar, transmitir
 build        built         built              construir
 buy          bought        bought             comprar
 cast         cast          cast               atirar, deitar
 catch        caught        caught             pegar, capturar
 choose       chose         chosen             escolher
 cling        clung         clung              aderir, segurar-se
 come         came          come               vir
 cost         cost          cost               custar
 creep        crept         crept              rastejar
 cut          cut           cut                cortar
 deal         dealt         dealt              negociar, tratar
 dig          dug           dug                cavocar
 do           did           done               fazer **
 draw         drew          drawn              tracionar, desenhar **
 drink        drank         drunk              beber
 drive        drove         driven             dirigir, ir de carro
 eat          ate           eaten              comer
 fall         fell          fallen             cair
 feed         fed           fed                alimentar
 feel         felt          felt               sentir, sentir-se
 fight        fought        fought             lutar
 find         found         found              achar, encontrar
 flee         fled          fled               fugir, escapar
 fling        flung         flung              arremessar
 fly          flew          flown              voar, pilotar
 forbid       forbade       forbidden          proibir
 forget       forgot        forgot, forgotten  esquecer
 forgive      forgave       forgiven           perdoar
 freeze       froze         frozen             congelar, paralisar
 get          got           gotten, got        obter **
 give         gave          given              dar
 go           went          gone               ir
 grind        ground        ground             moer
 grow         grew          grown              crescer, cultivar
 have         had           had                ter, beber, comer
 hear         heard         heard              ouvir
 hide         hid           hidden, hid        esconder
 hit          hit           hit                bater
 hold         held          held               segurar
 hurt         hurt          hurt               machucar
 keep         kept          kept               guardar, manter
 know         knew          known              saber, conhecer
 lay          laid          laid               colocar em posição horizontal, assentar
 lead         led           led                liderar
 leave        left          left               deixar, partir
 lend         lent          lent               dar emprestado
 let          let           let                deixar, alugar
 lie          lay           lain               deitar
 lose         lost          lost               perder, extraviar
 make         made          made               fazer, fabricar **
 mean         meant         meant              significar, querer dizer
 meet         met           met                encontrar, conhecer
 overcome     overcame      overcome           superar
 overtake     overtook      overtaken          alcançar, surpreender
 pay          paid          paid               pagar
 put          put           put                colocar
 quit         quit          quit               abandonar
 read         read          read               ler
 ride         rode          ridden             andar
 ring         rang          rung               tocar (campainha, etc.)
 rise         rose          risen              subir, erguer-se
 run          ran           run                correr, concorrer, dirigir
 saw          sawed         sawn               serrar
 say          said          said               dizer
 see          saw           seen               ver
 seek         sought        sought             procurar obter, objetivar
 sell         sold          sold               vender
 send         sent          sent               mandar
 set          set           set                pôr em determinada condição, marcar, ajustar **
 shake        shook         shaken             sacudir, tremer
 shed         shed          shed               soltar, deixar cair **
 shine        shone         shone              brilhar, reluzir
 shoot        shot          shot               atirar, alvejar
 show         showed        shown              mostrar, exibir
 shrink       shrank        shrunk             encolher, contrair
 shut         shut          shut               fechar, cerrar
 sing         sang          sung               cantar
 sink         sank          sunk               afundar, submergir
 sit          sat           sat                sentar
 slay         slew          slain              matar, assassinar
 sleep        slept         slept              dormir
 slide        slid          slid               deslizar, escorregar
 sling        slung         slung              atirar, arremessar
 speak        spoke         spoken             falar
 spend        spent         spent              gastar
 spin         spun          spun               fiar, rodopiar
 spit         spit, spat    spit, spat         cuspir
 spread       spread        spread             espalhar
 spring       sprang        sprung             fazer saltar
 stand        stood         stood              parar de pé, agüentar
 steal        stole         stolen             roubar
 stick        stuck         stuck              cravar, fincar, enfiar
 sting        stung         stung              picar (inseto)
 stink        stank         stunk              cheirar mal
 strike       struck        struck             golpear, desferir, atacar
 string       strung        strung             encordoar, amarrar
 strive       strove        striven            esforçar-se, lutar
 swear        swore         sworn              jurar, prometer, assegurar
 sweep        swept         swept              varrer
 swim         swam          swum               nadar
 swing        swung         swung              balançar, alternar
 take         took          taken              tomar **
 teach        taught        taught             ensinar, dar aula
 tear         tore          torn               rasgar, despedaçar
 tell         told          told               contar
 think        thought       thought            pensar
 throw        threw         thrown             atirar, arremessar
 tread        trod          trodden            pisar, trilhar
 undergo      underwent     undergone          submeter-se a, suportar
 understand   understood    understood         entender
 uphold       upheld        upheld             sustentar, apoiar, defender
 wear         wore          worn               vestir, usar, gastar
 win          won           won                vencer, ganhar
 wind         wound         wound              enrolar, rodar, dar corda
 write        wrote         written            escrever, redigir


**  verbos de significado múltiplo, que podem mudar consideravelmente de significado, conforme a frase em que ocorrerem. Em maior ou menor grau, a maioria dos significados em português fornecidos acima servem apenas como indicativo aproximado e provável. O significado exato vai sempre depender do contexto em que ocorrerem os verbos.

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